Difference between revisions of "Maury County, Tennessee"

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Maury County is located in the Outer Central (Nashville) Basin and Western Highland Rim level 4 ecoregions, both part of the Interior Plateau level 3 ecoregion. These ecoregion are both dominated by hickory-oak deciduous forests and prairies. Much of the original forest has, however, been cleared in the past two centuries.
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Maury County is located in the Outer Central (Nashville) Basin and Western Highland Rim level 4 ecoregions, both part of the Interior Plateau level 3 ecoregion. These ecoregion are both dominated by oak-hickory deciduous forests and prairies. Much of the original forest has, however, been cleared in the past two centuries.
  
 
The Duck River is one of the most biodiverse rivers in the United States and is the home, particularly for fish and freshwater mussels. Several species that make the Duck River their home cannot be found anywhere else on Earth.<ref>Wilson, Edward O. and Littschwager, David. "Within One Foot: Miniature Surveys of Biodiversity." ''National Geographic.'' vol. 217 no. 2 (February 2010). pp. 62, 80-83. Web (natgeo.com). 12 Feb. 2012. ''cited by'' [https://www.nature.org/en-us/get-involved/how-to-help/places-we-protect/duck-river/ ''The Nature Conservancy.'' "Places We Protect: The Duck River, Tennessee." Undated. Web (nature.org). 12 Feb. 2021.]</ref>
 
The Duck River is one of the most biodiverse rivers in the United States and is the home, particularly for fish and freshwater mussels. Several species that make the Duck River their home cannot be found anywhere else on Earth.<ref>Wilson, Edward O. and Littschwager, David. "Within One Foot: Miniature Surveys of Biodiversity." ''National Geographic.'' vol. 217 no. 2 (February 2010). pp. 62, 80-83. Web (natgeo.com). 12 Feb. 2012. ''cited by'' [https://www.nature.org/en-us/get-involved/how-to-help/places-we-protect/duck-river/ ''The Nature Conservancy.'' "Places We Protect: The Duck River, Tennessee." Undated. Web (nature.org). 12 Feb. 2021.]</ref>

Revision as of 15:44, 12 February 2021

Maury County, Tennessee
Maury County's location in Tennessee.png
Other Names "The Dimple of the Universe"
Date Founded 1807
Population 96,387 (2019 est.)
Key Personnel Andy Ogles (county mayor),
Bucky Rowland (sheriff)
Maury County Courthouse. 41 Public Square, Columbia, Tennessee.

Maury County is a county in the State of Tennessee. It is part of the grand division of Middle Tennessee[1]and a part of the Nashville Metropolitan Area.[2] The county seat is Columbia. The estimated population of Maury County in 2019 was 96,387.[3]

Contents

Pronunciation

Though the Maury family, after whom the county was named, originally pronounced with their surname with an "aw" sound (/ˈmɔːrɪ/)[4], Maury County is generally pronounced as "Murray" (/ˈmʌrɪ/) today.[5][6]

History

Before Tennessee Statehood

Antebellum Period

Plaque on the Maury County Courthouse discussing the history of the establishment of Maury County.
James K. Polk Home, near intersection of West 7th Street and High Street, Columbia (7 Feb. 2021).
Rippavilla Plantation, Spring Hill. (23 Jan. 2021).

See main article Maury County in the Early Nineteenth Century.

Maury County was established by an act of the Tennessee General Assembly dated November 16, 1807.[2][7][8][9][10] Maury County was created out of parts of Williamson County and the act creating it also instructed its first county commissioners to found the town of Columbia on the Duck River to serve as its seat.[11] Maury County is named after Abram Maury, a planter who served as a state senator from Williamson County and who helped found the town of Franklin, Tennessee.[7][12] Prior to 1806, title to the lands of the Duck River valley were held by the Cherokee Nation; their claims were relinquished by the Third Treaty of Tellico (1805) and the Treaty of Washington (1806).[8][5][13] Giles, Lawrence, and Lewis Counties were later carved out (in part or whole) of Maury County land.[14]

Maury County was relatively prosperous in the early nineteenth century due to its rich soils.[7] Important products included cotton, tobacco and livestock.[7] Maury County was the third-most populous county in Tennessee in 1830[15] and the second most populous (behind only Davidson County) in the 1840 Census.[16][7] Before Nashville was chosen in 1843, locals hoped that Columbia (which is near the geographical center of the state) might become the state capital.[17][18]

The early history of Maury County is closely tied to the Polk family.[7] The petition to form Maury County was signed by several members of that family, including Samuel Polk,[19] the father of President James K. Polk.[20] Several historic properties including the James K. Polk House (built 1816) on West 7th Street in Columbia are associated with the Polk family.[21]

The labor of enslaved African-Americans was a key ingredient to the county's early success.[2] By the eve of the Civil War, there were nearly as many enslaved people in Maury County as free citizens.[22] Hundreds of families claimed ownership of other human beings. While many owned only one or a small number, several families (including the Polk family[23]) held dozens or hundreds of people in bondage[24][25]. Several prominent families, such as the Cheairs family of Rippavilla Plantation, built large estates during the antebellum period by exploiting the labor of the enslaved[26][27] During the 1820s and 1830s some citizens spoke out against the practice of slavery on moral and religious grounds, founding the Manumission Society of West Tennessee in Maury County in 1824; but their efforts at persuading their neighbors to free their slaves were largely unsuccessful.[28] Furthermore, many freed slaves left Tennessee either by choice or under legal banishment.[29]

Population of Maury County, 1810-1860, by race and status
Free White (% of Total) Slaves (% of Total) Free Colored Persons (% of Total)[30] Other (% of Total) Total (% Change)
1810[31] 7,722 (74.5%) 2,626 (25.3%) 11 (0.1%) n/a 10,359 (n/a)
1820[32] 15,620 (70.5%) 6,420 (29.0%) 49 (0.2%) 52 (0.2%) 22,141 (+113.7%)
1830[15][31] 18,200 (65.8%) 9,434 (34.1%) 31 (0.1%) n/a 27,665 (+24.9%)
1840[16] 17,090 (60.6%) 11,002 (39.0%) 94 (0.3%) n/a 28,186 (+1.9%)
1850[33] 16,759 (56.8%) 12,670 (42.9%) 91 (0.3%) n/a 29,520 (+4.7%)
1860[22] 17,701 (54.5%) 14,654 (45.1%) 143 (0.4%) n/a 32,498 (+10.1%)

Civil War

See article Maury County in the Civil War.

Voters in Maury County overwhelmingly (2,731 for, 58 against) supported secession in the June 1861 Tennessee state referendum, and at least 21 companies of Confederate infantry and cavalry were organized in Maury County.[34]

Maury County was occupied by the Union (U.S.) Army during the summer of 1862 after the capture of Nashville, but abandoned in the fall of that year[35] Both Union and Confederate units passed through Maury County during the fall of 1864; Confederate General John Bell Hood sent his Army of Tennessee northward in a bid to capture Nashville during the Franklin-Nashville campaign. This movement, as well as the Union Army rushing to combine forces scattered across Middle Tennessee, resulted in minor skirmishes at Columbia on November 24, Davis Ford on November 28, Hurt's Crossroads on November 29, and the Battle of Spring Hill (the only major battle of the Civil War to be fought in Maury County) on November 29, 1864.[36] After the decisive Union victory at Nashville in early December 1864, retreating Confederate units commanded by Nathan Bedford Forrest briefly held Columbia before abandoning Maury County to advancing Union troops during the week of Christmas 1864.[37]

Confederate General Earl Van Dorn was shot dead by Dr. George Peters at the home of Matt Cheairs in Spring Hill on May 7, 1863; Dr. Peters believed Gen. Van Dorn was having an affair with his wife.[38]

Maury County was the home of Private Sam Watkins, whose book Company Aytch, or a Side Show of the Big Show: A Memoir of the Civil War has become a well-known primary source on the Civil War in Tennessee.[39]

Post-Civil War Years

In 1865 and 1866, the State Tennessee abolished slavery by statewide referendum, disenfranchised Confederates, and set about on a course of Radical Reconstruction under the leadership of Governor William G. "Parson" Brownlow.[40][41][42] Many white Maury County residents, outraged over these changes, participated in the violent activities of the first Ku Klux Klan (which was founded in neighboring Giles County in 1865 or 1866), terrorizing freed African-Americans as well as white Republicans.[43][44] By the 1870s, former Confederates had been restored and were a key part of the power structure in Tennessee politics for the rest of the century.[45]

From 1865 until 1872, the Freedmen's Bureau opened schools in Columbia, Culleoka, Mount Pleasant, and Spring Hill to educate the newly-freed African Americans of Maury County.[46]

At the end of the nineteenth century, Maury County remained among the top Tennessee counties in terms of wealth, population, and agricultural output. Columbia had the third-largest mule market in the United States.[47]

In 1888, William Shirley, digging around Gholston Hill in what is today Columbia, discovered brown phosphate rock which had significant value for the manufacturing of fertilizer.[48][49]Phosphate was also discovered in Mount Pleasant in 1896, which turned Mt. Pleasant into a boomtown.[50][51] Exploitation of this mineral resource began during the last decade of the nineteenth century and over the following decades helped to transform Maury County into an important industrial area.[52][53]

Population of Maury County, 1870-1900, by race
White (% of Total) Non-White (% of Total) Total (% Change)
1870[31] 20,022 (55.2%) 16,267 (44.9%)[54] 36,289 (+11.7%)
1880[55] 21,731 (54.5%) 18,173 (45.5%)[56] 39,904 (+10.0%)
1890[57] 22,201 (58.3%) 15,911 (41.7%)[58] 38,112 (-4.5%)
1900[59] 24,539 (57.5%) 18,164 (42.5%)[60] 42,703 (+12.0%)

In 1900, the population of Columbia had grown to 6,052 and the population of Mt. Pleasant was 2,007.[59]

Twentieth Century

Migration

The population of Maury County shrank during the first half of the twentieth century due to two related migrations. First, many people, particularly African-Americans, left Maury County during this time period (and indeed, many African-Americans had already left Tennessee after the Civil War due to racial violence[61]) as part of the Great Migration from the rural South to urban areas, particularly to cities in the North.[62][63] Second, the population of rural districts in Maury County declined while the urban population (particularly in Columbia) grew.

Population of Maury County, 1910-1970, by race and urban/rural status
White (% of Total) Non-White (% of Total) Urban (% of Total) Rural (% of Total) Total (% Change)
1910[64] 24,287 (60.0%) 16,169 (40.0%)[65] 5,754 (14.2%)[66] 34,702 (85.8%) 40,456 (-5.3%)
1920[67] 23,453 (66.2%)[68] 11,950 (33.8%)[69] 5,526 (15.6%) 29,877 (84.4%) 35,403 (-12.5%)
1930[70] 24,208 (71.2%)[71] 9,808 (28.8%)[72] 7,882 (23.2%) 26,134 (76.8%) 34,016 (-3.9%)
1940[73] 30,225 (74.9%)[74] 10,130 (25.1%)[75] 13,668 (33.9%)[76] 26,689 (66.1%)[77] 40,357 (+18.6%)
1950[78] 31,782 (78.7%) 8,586 (21.3%)[79] 13,842 (32.8%)[80] 26,526 (67.2%)[81] 43,376 (+0.0%)
1960[82] 33,314 (79.9%) 8,385 (20.1%)[83] 20,545 (49.3%)[84] 21,154 (50.7%) 41,699 (+3.3%)
1970[85] 35,307 (81.4%) 8,069 (18.6%)[86] 25,001 (57.6%)[87] 18,375 (42.4%) 43,376 (+4.0%)

These trends were both cause and effect of a decline in the importance of agriculture in Maury County. By 1940, agricultural workers made up a minority of the County's workforce[73] and by 1950 a majority of the rural population no longer lived on a farm.[78]. During the mid-twentieth century, farms increasingly were operated by owners (rather than by sharecroppers, which had been a major source of farm labor in years past) and many farms began using machinery to increase productivity.[88]

The relative importance of Maury County in Tennessee also declined during this time. By mid-century, Maury County was no longer in the top ten counties by population, falling behind thirteen other counties (Shelby, Davidson, Knox, Hamilton, Sullivan, Madison, Washington, Anderson, Blount, Gibson, Montgomery, Carter, and Rutherford).[78]

The First Industrial Boom and Bust

The phosphate boom of the late nineteenth century continued into the early decades of the twentieth, particularly in Mt. Pleasant. By 1904, Mt. Pleasant leaders felt their town was influential enough to try to get the county seat moved there from Columbia (ultimately, the current county courthouse was built in Columbia).[89]

Advances in mining and process techniques as well as the establishment of fertilizer plants and elemental phosphorous furnaces in Maury County helped the phosphate boom continue through the first half of the twentieth century, A major employer was Monsanto, which pronounced elemental phosphorous as well as high-quality steel using complex and often-dangerous (both to the workers and to the environment) methods in a sprawling 3,500 acre complex west of Columbia.[90] Increased operational costs, falling market demand, and depletion of mineral reserves in the county led to a decline in the manufacturing sector during the second half of the century, with major facilities closing in the 1970s, 80s, and 90s.[91]

Employment by Industry Group (Top Three Sectors) 1940-1960
Top Industry (Workers) (% of Total) Second Industry (Workers) (% of Total) Third Industry (% of Total) Total Workforce[92] (% Change)
1940[73] Agriculture (4,797) (31.1%) Domestic Service (1,397) (9.1%) Chemicals (1,363) (8.9%) 15,400 (n/a) [93]
1950[78] Agriculture (4,014) (26.8%) Manufacturing (2,853) (19.0%)[94] Other Retail Trades (1,079) (7.2%)[95] 14,996 (-2.6%) [96]
1960[82] Manufacturing (4,030) (25.7%))[97] Agriculture (2,241) (14.3%) Other Retail Trades (1,326) (8.4%)[98] 15,652 (+4.3%)[99]

Columbia Race Riot of 1946

See main article Columbia Race Riot of 1946.

Lynchings - the killing of often-innocent people by armed vigilantes, usually as a means to assert white racial supremacy - were an unfortunately common phenomenon in the Southern United States during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with more than 214 lynchings in Tennessee between 1882 and 1930.[100] Maury County gained national notoriety for the lynchings of two young African-American men, both accused (with little or no evidence) of having attacked young white women, in 1927 and again in 1933.[101]

On February 25, 1946, a disagreement over a radio repair led to a street brawl outside of a Columbia department store between black customers and a white radio repairman.[102][103][104] A mob of angry white citizens formed in downtown Columbia, and some of the town's black citizens took up arms to defend the black-owned businesses there.[105][106][107] The tense situation escalated when four Columbia police officers were fired upon and wounded by a crowd of black men.[108][109]

During the early morning hours of February 26, the Tennessee Highway Patrol entered into the black-owned business area, ransacking and vandalizing buildings and arresting (and often beating) dozens of people[110][111]. By February 28, over 100 black citizens had been arrested and held without bail or legal representation for days.[112] Two black men were killed by state troopers after the prisoners grabbed confiscated guns that were being stored in the jail.[113][114].

Lawyers for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) intervened following the mass arrests on February 26-28, obtaining acquittals for 26 out of 27 black defendants tried during the summer and fall of 1946.[115]

County Jail Fire of 1977

See main article Maury County Jail Fire of 1977.

The Second Industrial Boom: General Motors Spring Hill

Twenty-first Century

Suburbanization and Commuter Communities

Historiography

See article Historical Markers and Monuments in Maury County.

See article Historic Preservation in Maury County.

Traditionally, historical production and memorialization in Maury County have tended to exclude racial minorities and promote historical narratives (such as the "Lost Cause" narrative with regard to the memory of the Civil War) that are affirming to affluent white citizens of the county. In recent decades, however, writers and archivists have become more inclusive, in part due to the work of groups such as the African-American Heritage Society of Maury County.[116]

Geography

Human Geography

Map of Maury County (Source: TDOT) [117]

Communities and Areas of Maury County

These are unincorporated areas unless specified. For neighborhoods of a particular city, see the entry for that particular city.

Historical Communities and Areas in Maury County

This is a list of places appearing on old maps that are no longer in widespread use.[118]

  • Allensville - according to D.P. Robbins[119] this community was located on Big Bigby Creek about two miles west of Mount Pleasant.
  • Bristow - an old Post Office was located here on the old Santa Fe Pike near Knob Creek; today called Athendale.
  • Broadview - Robbins[120] describes this a hamlet 10 miles south of Columbia on the Campbellsville Pike; just south of Bigbyville.
  • Carter's Creek Station - an old railway station was located here between Columbia and Spring Hill in an area that would now be described as part of Neapolis. [121]
  • Cedar Spring - mentioned in the 1834 Tennessee Gazetteer as having a post office.
  • Dark's Mill - a Post Office was located here near where Rutherford Creek and Carter's Creek join, between Neapolis and Columbia. There is still a Dark's Mill Road in this general area.[122]
  • Enterprise - an area located here southeast of Mt. Pleasant; Route 166 is still called "Enterprise Road" and there is an Enterprise United Methodist Church.
  • Ewell's Station - a railroad depot existed just northwest of Spring Hill near the Williamson County line.
  • Fike's Mill - noted by Bob Duncan as being across the Duck River from Williamsport.[123]
  • Glenn's Store - a Post Office was located in this area in the extreme northeastern part of Maury County near Little Flat Creek.
  • Godwin - also called Duck River Station; an area just northwest of Columbia near where Highway 7 crosses the Duck River. [124]
  • Gravel Hill - Near Theta.
  • Groveland - According to Robbins[125], this community was located about 7.5 miles southeast of Columbia on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad branch. Now Fountain Heights.
  • Hardison's Mill - an area on the extreme eastern margin of Maury County near where U.S. Highway 431 crosses the Duck River.
  • Hurricane Switch - an area just west of Fountain Heights, now called Glendale.
  • Hurt's Crossroads - an area in the extreme northeastern part of Maury County near Little Flat Creek.
  • Isbell - mentioned by Bob Duncan as being at the end of Polk Lane; near the Maury County Regional Airport east of Mount Pleasant.[126]
  • Isom's Store - a Post Office was located here, about two miles north of Hampshire.
  • Kedron - absorbed by Spring Hill.
  • Kinderhook - an area near Fly, close to the intersection of Highway 7 and the Natchez Trace Parkway.
  • Lick Skillet - according to Bob Duncan, east of Howard's Bridge; this would put it near where Interstate 65 crosses the Duck River today.[127]
  • Mooresville - mentioned in 1834 Tennessee Gazetteer as being the location of a post office 15 miles southeast of Columbia. Now in Marshall County.
  • Orr's Crossroads - an area on the extreme eastern edge of Maury County near the intersection of modern-day U.S. Highway 431 and Tennessee Highway 99.
  • Park's Station - an area east of Culleoka near the present intersection of Highway 50 and Interstate 65; also known as Bryant's Station.
  • Pleasant Grove - According to Bob Duncan, "[m]ight as well be Culleoka." [128]
  • Ridley - appears on a 1905 Map of Maury County, just north of Mt. Pleasant.
  • Scott's Mill - also known historically as Ettaton and New York, was located in the southeastern part of Maury County.[129]
  • Screamer - mentioned by Bob Duncan as being south of Enterprise.[130]
  • Stiversville - mentioned by D.P. Robbins. Southwest of Culleoka.
  • Water Valley - an area west of Santa Fe.
  • Woodlawn Mills - an area immediately west of Spring Hill,

Physical Geography

Relief map of Maury County, created using apps.nationalmap.gov.
Elevation profile (elevation in feet, distance in miles) driving south along U.S. Highway 31 from Spring Hill at the Williamson County line, through Columbia at the intersection with Bear Creek Pike, and on U.S. Highway 43 from Columbia through Mount Pleasant to the Lawrence County line. Generally, travelling from northeast to southwest. Made using the National Map (apps.nationalmap.gov) elevation profile tool.

Maury County contains 613.1 square miles (1,588 square km) of land area and 2.4 square miles (6.3 square km) of water.[131]

Landforms

Maury County is located on the southwestern edge of the Nashville Basin (also known as the Central Basin). The Nashville Basin is a relatively low area in Middle Tennessee bounded by the Eastern Highland Rim on its east (beyond which lies the Cumberland Plateau), and the Western Highland Rim on its west (beyond which lies the valley of the Tennessee River).[132][133]

The most notable physical features are the valleys of the Duck River and its main tributaries (particularly Big Bigby Creek and Rutherford Creek). The floodplains of the Duck River and its tributaries are relatively low (less than 700 feet, or 210 meters above sea level) with flat ground or gently rolling hills. Outside of these valleys, near the northwest, west, and southern county lines, the elevation and relief increase significantly. Just beyond the southern border of Maury County, in Giles County, lies Elk Ridge, which separates the Duck and Elk River drainage basins. North of the Maury County line in southern Williamson County is a ridge that separates the Tennessee (Duck) River basin from the Cumberland (Harpeth) River basin.[134]

The tallest points include Flanigan Hill at 1,152 feet (351 meters) in southern Maury County; Kansas Hill at 1,089 feet (332 meters) in southern Maury County; Toombs Hill, in southeastern Maury County near Culleoka, also at 1,089 feet; Watts Hill at 1,043 feet (318 meters) south of Mount Pleasant; and Rockdale Hill at 1,030 feet (314 meters) between Mount Pleasant and Summertown.[135]

Waters and Streams

Almost all of Maury County is in the Duck River watershed, with the majority being considered to be in the Lower Duck River watershed and the eastern quarter of the county (east of Columbia) in the Upper Duck watershed.[136][137]A very small part of Maury County along the Giles County border near Enterprise is in the Lower Elk River watershed.[138][139] Both the Duck and Elk are tributaries of the Tennessee River, which flows into the Ohio River. The Ohio River, in turn, flows into the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico.[140]

The Duck River flows for about 75 miles in Maury County.[141] The level of the Duck River in Maury County is affected both by releases from the upstream Normandy Dam as well as groundwater discharges from local aquifers.[142] The river is the source for most of the water used by residents of Maury County, and can be strained during drought conditions.[143]

Several attempts have been made to dam the Duck River in Maury County over the years. In the mid-nineteenth century, a scheme was established to make the Duck River navigable, and two dams were built; but due to poor engineering, very few boats were ever able to make it to Columbia, and then only at high water.[144] A low-head dam on the Duck River in Columbia, first constructed in the 1920s, still stands but no longer generates electric power.[145] During the second half of the twentieth century, the Tennessee Valley Authority (which operates the Normandy Dam in Coffee County[146]) planned for and nearly completed construction of a massive hydroelectric dam east of Columbia, but the TVA Columbia Dam project was canceled due to concern over whether the cost to complete the dam justified its benefits; local activists also raised environmental concerns, particularly with regard to the impact the dam would have on endangered species of freshwater mussels in the Duck River.[147][148] The land acquired by the TVA for the proposed reservoir was donated to the State of Tennessee in 2001 for public use.[149]

Major streams flowing into the Duck River in Maury County include (from upstream to downstream):

  • Flat Creek (right tributary).
  • Fountain Creek (left tributary) including its branch, Silver Creek.
  • Bear Creek (right tributary), which joins the Duck near Columbia.
  • Lytle Creek (left tributary), which joins the Duck near Columbia.
  • Rutherford Creek (right tributary) including its branches Carter's Creek, McCutcheon Creek, and Aenon Creek, which joins the Duck near Columbia.
  • Little Bigby Creek (left tributary) which joins the Duck west of Columbia.
  • Knob Creek (right tributary) which joins the Duck near Athendale.
  • Greenlick Creek (left tributary) which joins the Duck west of Athendale.
  • Snow Creek (right tributary) which joins the Duck near Williamsport.
  • Leiper's Creek (right tributary) which joins the Duck near Williamsport.
  • Poplar Creek (left tributary) which joins the Duck near Williamsport.
  • Big Bigby Creek (left tributary) which joins the Duck west of Williamsport.
  • Cathey's Creek (left tributary) which joins the Duck near the Hickman County line.

In addition to the Duck River and groundwater, there are a number of ponds in Maury County, many of which were created artificially.[150]

Geology and Soils

Maury County sits at the southwestern end of the Central (Nashville) Basin. Structurally, the Central Basin is an anticline, with rock layers dipping gently away from its center (in Maury County, this means that rock layers dip toward the southwest). Differential erosion of an ancient uplift (the Nashville Dome) results in older surface rocks near the middle part of the Central Basin. As one approaches the Highland Rim (i.e. the western parts of Maury County), surface rocks become progressively younger.[151]

The rocks themselves were laid down over a period of hundreds of millions of years when Tennessee was covered by shallow seas, lagoons, and beaches. Limestone - a dominant type of rock in Maury County - was created by the compression of the shells of ancient marine creatures. The Nashville Dome began to be uplifted about 450 million years ago (mya) with most of the uplift occurring at the time of the Alleghanian orogeny (when the Cumberland Plateau and Smoky Mountains of East Tennessee were formed by the collision of ancient North America with ancient Africa) about 300 mya, during the late Paleozoic Era. Since that time, erosion has cut into the Dome, removing over a mile of rock.[152]

Most of the exposed surface rocks and near-surface bedrock in Maury County are sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age. The oldest rocks are the Ordovician (485-444 mya) limestones of the Stones River Group, which dominate the areas east of Interstate 65 as well as the lower-lying areas of the Duck River valley. At somewhat higher elevations, and in most of the county west of Interstate 65, are the younger Ordovician limestones and sandstones of the Nashville Group, which includes the phosphate-rich Bigby-Cannon Limestone, and the Leipers-Cathey Group limestones above that. At the highest elevations, particularly in the western part of the county, Silurian (Wayne Group, laid down approximately 430 mya) and Mississippian (Fort Payne Formation, laid down approximately 350 mya) limestones and shales dominate.[153]

The geology of Maury County have been economically important. The phosphate-rich Bigby-Cannon formation (formed from the shells of sea creatures who pulled phosphorous out of the ancient seawater) gave rise to the phosphate industry here. The sedimentary rock layers of Maury County led to the formation of aquifers and caves.[154][155]

Due to the origin and age of Maury County's rocks, most of the fossils found here are from marine invertebrates (such as mollusks) from the mid-to-late Paleozoic Era. A few fossils of Pleistocene ("Ice Age") age -- such as bones from mastodons (Mammuthus sp.), giant sloths (Megalonyx), and turtles -- have also been found in phosphate pits and caves.[156][157][158]

The soils of Maury County vary primarily the result of weathering and erosion of local parent rocks, though in some area (such as the Duck River bottoms) alluvial soils dominate. The soils of the western part of the county tend to be more cherty than the soils of the central and eastern parts of the county, which are more clayey and high in phosphorous. Most of the soils of Maury County (except for some alluvial soils) tend to have good drainage, low amounts of lime and other bases, and only a moderate amount of organic material due to the warm, humid climate. Leaching of the soil has also helped to concentrate phosphates.[159][160]

Flora and Fauna

Maury County is located in the Outer Central (Nashville) Basin and Western Highland Rim level 4 ecoregions, both part of the Interior Plateau level 3 ecoregion. These ecoregion are both dominated by oak-hickory deciduous forests and prairies. Much of the original forest has, however, been cleared in the past two centuries.

The Duck River is one of the most biodiverse rivers in the United States and is the home, particularly for fish and freshwater mussels. Several species that make the Duck River their home cannot be found anywhere else on Earth.[161]

Climate

Environmental Quality

Demographics and Social Statistics

Age, Sex, and Ethnicity

Wealth and Income

Educational Attainment

Crime

Religion

According to the 2010 U.S. Religion Census, there were 190 congregations in Maury County with 38,353 adherents (defined as full members, their children, and others who regularly attend services), for an adherence rate of 474 per 1,000 residents. The adherence rate in Maury County is somewhat below the Tennessee statewide average of 555 adherents per 1,000 residents and close to the national average of 488 adherents per 1,000 residents.[162][163][164]

The 2010 U.S. Religion Census data shows 136 congregations and 24,645 adherents were identified as Evangelical Protestant; 14 congregations with 2,029 adherents identified as Black Protestant; 31 congregations with 5,864 adherents identified as Mainline Protestant; and 2 congregations with 3,900 adherents were identified as Roman Catholic. An additional 7 congregations with 1,915 adherents were identified as "Other", a category that embraces denominations such as the Jehovah's Witnesses and Latter-Day Saints, as well as non-Christian faith traditions. [165] The largest denominations by number of adherents in Maury County were: Southern Baptist (8,244), Church of Christ (7,675), United Methodist (4,166), Roman Catholic (3,900), Non-Denominational (3,149) and Latter-Day Saints (1,592).[166] There are an estimated 308 Muslims in Maury County.[167]

Since 1980, the fastest-growing denominations in Maury County in percentage terms have been the Roman Catholic Church (+954%), the Latter-Day Saints (+512%), and Assemblies of God (+299%). The denominations that gained the most adherents were the Roman Catholic Church (+3,530), the Latter-Day Saints (+1,332), and the Southern Baptists (+1,285). There has been a significant drop in the number of Cumberland Presbyterians (-279) and Methodists (-973) during this time frame. The adherence rate for Evangelical Protestantism slightly declined during this time, with Evangelicals making up about 69 percent of the county's religious adherents in 1980 and about 65 percent in 2010. The overall adherence rate for all religious traditions was exactly the same -- 47.4 percent -- in both 1980 and 2010, but there was a significant surge in adherence in the 1980s (with the adherence rate reaching 55.2 percent in 1990) followed by a long slide in the two decades that followed.[168]

The 2010 U.S. Religion Census does not attempt to survey the non-religious. A Pew Survey in 2014 found that 14 percent of adult Tennesseans were religiously unaffiliated and 11 percent identified as "nothing in particular." It also found that, while 51 percent of adult Tennesseans reported attending church once per week or more, 24 percent seldom or never attended services. Pew found that 91 percent of adult Tennesseans expressed an "absolutely" or "fairly" certain belief in God, with 3 percent not believing in God, and the remainder expressing some degree of agnosticism.[169]

Government

County Government

Maury County Commission

County Mayor (County Executive)

Sheriff

County Clerk

Trustee

Register of Deeds

Assessor of Property

State Government in Maury County

Representation in Tennessee General Assembly

Maury County is divided between the 64th and 69th State House districts and is part of the 28th State Senate District. [170]

State Courts in Maury County

Maury County is in the 22nd Judicial District, along with Giles, Wayne, and Lawrence Counties.[171]

Circuit Court (22nd Judicial District)
Chancery Court (22nd Judicial District)
District Attorney (22nd Judicial District)
Circuit Court Clerk (22nd Judicial District)
Maury County General Sessions Court
Maury County Juvenile Court

Federal Government in Maury County

Representation in the United States Congress

In addition to being represented by two United States Senators from Tennessee, Maury County is currently divided between the 4th and 7th United States Congressional Districts.[172]

Federal Courts

The United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee as well as the United States Bankruptcy Court for Middle Tennessee both hold court sessions at the old U.S. Courthouse (815 S. Garden Street) in Columbia, though their administrative offices are in Nashville.[173][174] Appeals from the Middle District of Tennessee go to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.[175]

Federal Agencies

The United States Postal Service maintains the following post offices in Maury County[176]:

  • Columbia (417 West 7th Street; 931-388-6161)
  • Culleoka (2349 Culleoka Highway; 831-987=2286)
  • Hampshire (4116 Hampshire Pike; 931-285-2312)
  • Mt. Pleasant (201 N. Main Street; 931-379-3285)
  • Santa Fe (2581 Santa Fe Pike; 931-682-2594)
  • Spring Hill (223 Town Center Parkway; 931-486-2629)
  • Williamsport (3568 Williamsport Pike; 931-583-2562)

The Social Security Administration maintains an office at 1885 Shady Brook Street in Columbia.[177]

The United States Department of Agriculture maintains a service center at 803 Hatcher Lane in Columbia.[178]

The United States Department of Defense has military recruiting stations in Maury County:[179]

  • Army / Navy - 800 S James M Campbell Blvd., Columbia.
  • Air Force / Marine Corps - 807 Nashville Highway, Columbia.

Politics in Maury County

Voting in Maury County

Economy and Major Businesses

Overview

Agriculture

Manufacturing and Mining

Professional Services

Retail

Schools

Maury County Public Schools

Columbia State Community College System

Tennessee College of Applied Technology - Spring Hill

Public Libraries

Columbia Academy

Other Private Schools

Historical Institutions

Health Care

Hospitals

Health Department

Health Statistics

Arts and Culture

Local Media

Newspapers

Radio

Events

Mule Day

County Fair

Sheriff's Rodeo

Parks

This list does not include city-owned parks.

Maury County Park

Chickasaw Trace Park

Hampshire Park

Jerry Erwin Park

Williams Spring Park

Yanahli Park

Natchez Trace Parkway

Sports Clubs

The Columbia Soccer Association is a non-profit organization that sponsors recreational soccer teams for both youths and adults as well as the Columbia Arsenal FC competitive team.[180]

The Columbia American Little League baseball team is affiliated with Little League International.[181]

Transportation

Highways

Railroads

Airports

Communications

Telephone

Maury County is in area code 931. However, parts of Spring Hill in Williamson County are in area code 615.[182]

The following landline telephone exchanges are in use [183]:

  • Culleoka - 931-987-xxxx.
  • Columbia - 931-380-xxxx, 931-381-xxxx, 931-388-xxxx, 931-490-xxxx, 931-540-xxxx, 931-840-xxxx.
  • Hampshire - 931-285-xxxx.
  • Mount Pleasant - 931-379-xxxx.
  • Santa Fe - 931-659-xxxx.
  • Spring Hill (Maury County side only) - 931-486-xxxx, 931-487-xxxx, 931-489-xxxx.
  • Williamsport - 931-583-xxxx.

Internet

Spectrum and Columbia Power & Water Systems provide Internet services in Columbia.

Famous People from Maury County

References and Footnotes

  1. ↑ Tenn. Code § 4-1-203 (2016).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Wikipedia contributors. "Maury County, Tennessee." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 20 Jan. 2021. Web. 22 Jan. 2021.
  3. ↑ "Quick Facts - Maury County, Tennessee." U.S. Census Bureau, Undated. Web. 22 Jan. 2021..
  4. ↑ "Maury." Dictionary.com. Undated. Web. 23 Jan. 2021.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 http://sites.rootsweb.com/~tnmaury/history.htm Thomas, Frank D. "Maury County, Tennessee History." RootsWeb Project, 12 July 1998, Web. 23 Jan. 2021.
  6. ↑ Robbins, D.P. Century Review: 1805-1905, Maury County, Tennessee. Columbia, Board of Mayor and Aldermen, 1905, p. 12. Web (hathitrust.org). 22 Jan. 2021.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Lightfoot, Marise. "Maury County." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Turner, William Bruce. History of Maury County, Tennessee. Nashville, Parthenon Press, 1955, pp. 12 -13. Web (hathitrust.org). 22 Jan. 2021
  9. ↑ "An Act to reduce Williamson county to constitutional limits and to form a new county on the south and southwest of the same." Acts passed at the First Session of the Seventh General Assembly of the State of Tennessee. Knoxville, William Moore, 1808, ch. 94, pp. 149-154. Online through Vanderbilt Library. 22 Jan. 2021. Also available online at UT CTAS Website.
  10. ↑ Many sources say November 24, 1807; see for example the plaque on the County Courthouse or Greenlaw, R. Douglass. "Outline History of Maury County." Tennessee Historical Magazine. Vol. 3. No. 3. Nashville, Tennessee Historical Society, April 1935. p. 145. JSTOR. 29 Jan. 2021. This probably refers to the date the bill (passed by the General Assembly on November 16) creating Maury County was signed by Gov. John Sevier.
  11. ↑ Act of 16 Nov. 1807, cited supra, at p. 151.
  12. ↑ | "Abram Maury", Williamson County Historical Society, Undated. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  13. ↑ | "Broken Treaties." Tennessee State Museum. Undated. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  14. ↑ Turner, supra at 15.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 U.S. Department of State. Abstract of the Fifth Census of the United States, 1830. Washington, The Globe Office, 1832 Web (hathitrust.org). 22 Jan. 2021.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 U.S. Department of State, Compendium of the enumeration of inhabitants and statistics of the United States. Washington, Thomas Allen, 1841. Web (hathitrust.org). 22 Jan. 2021
  17. ↑ Turner, supra at 16.
  18. ↑ Robbins, cited supra, at 14.
  19. ↑ Turner, supra, at 16.
  20. ↑ Wikipedia contributors. "James K. Polk." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 Jan. 2021. Web. 23 Jan. 2021.
  21. ↑ Wikipedia contributors. "President James K. Polk Home & Museum." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 19 Dec. 2020. Web. 23 Jan. 2021.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Kennedy, Joseph C.G. Population of the United States in 1860. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1864. Web (census.gov). 22 Jan. 2021.
  23. ↑ Mann, Lina. "The Enslaved Household of President James K. Polk." 3 Jan. 2020. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  24. ↑ "Maury County Timeline." Undated. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  25. ↑ See the 1860 Census Slave Schedules. "United States Census Slave Schedules." FamilySearch Wiki. 9 Dec 2020. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
  26. ↑ Wikipedia contributors. "Rippavilla Plantation." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 9 Oct. 2020. Web. 23 Jan. 2021.
  27. ↑ Blais, Matt. "Spring Hill hopes to attract Rippavilla tourism with truth about its history of slavery." Spring Hill Home Page. 19 Jan. 2018. Web. 22 Jan. 2021
  28. ↑ Turner, supra, at 367.
  29. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "Manumission - The Struggle for an Uncertain Freedom." Maury County Second Century Review. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2007, pp. 114-116.
  30. ↑ It is acknowledged that this term is anachronistic and may be offensive; it is the term used in the original Census documents.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Walker, Francis A. (Superintendent of the Census). Ninth Census - Volume I: The Statistics of the Population of the United States. Washington,. Government Printing Office, 1872. Web (census.gov). 31 Jan. 2021.
  32. ↑ Adams, J.Q. (Secretary of State). Census for 1820. Washington,. Gales & Seaton, 1821. Web (census.gov). 22 Jan. 2021.
  33. ↑ DeBow, J.D.B. The Seventh Census of the United States: 1850. Washington, Robert Armstrong, 1853. Web (census.gov). 22 Jan. 2021.
  34. ↑ Turner, cited supra, at pp. 207-209. Note that a full-strength company would have had about 100 men, but this number may have varied over time.
  35. ↑ Turner, supra at 209.
  36. ↑ Turner, cited supra, at 224.
  37. ↑ Turner, cited supra, at pp. 231-33.
  38. ↑ Logsdon, David R. "Earl Van Dorn." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018, Web. 26 Jan. 2021
  39. ↑ Watkins, Sam R. and McAllister, Ruth Hill Fulton (editor). Company Aytch, or a Side Show of the Big Show: A Memoir of the Civil War. Nashville, Turner Publishing Company, 2011.
  40. ↑ Hargett, Tre (Secretary of State). Tennessee Blue Book 2019-2020. Nashville, Tennessee Secretary of State, 2020. pp. 608=09.
  41. ↑ Carey, Bill. Runaways, Coffles, and Fancy Girls: A History of Slavery in Tennessee. Nashville, Clearbrook Press, 2018. pp. 232-36.
  42. ↑ McKenzie, Robert Tracy. "Reconstruction." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018. Web. 27 Jan. 2021.
  43. ↑ Turner, cited supra, at pp. 354-58
  44. ↑ Wetherington, Mark V. "Ku Klux Klan." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018. Web. 27 Jan. 2021.
  45. ↑ O'Brien, Gail Williams. The Color of the Law: Race, Violence, and Justice in the Post-World War II South. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1999, pp. 116-118. HeinOnline through Vanderbilt University library. 1 Feb. 2021.
  46. ↑ African American Heritage Society of Maury County, “Freedman's (sic) Bureau Exhibit on Display at Fairview Park Recreational Center.” The Daily Herald, The Daily Herald, 23 Feb. 2013, Web. 31 Jan. 2021.
  47. ↑ Robbins, cited supra, at 160.
  48. ↑ Lightwood, cited supra.
  49. ↑ Coppedge, Needham and Christian, John. "A History of Phosphates in Maury County", in Turner, cited supra, at pp. 331-38.
  50. ↑ Keys, Juanita. "Phosphate Mining and Industry." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  51. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "When Phosphate was King; Mt. Pleasant in 1912." Maury County Second Century Review. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2007. pp. 136-138.
  52. ↑ Lightwood, cited supra.
  53. ↑ Coppedge and Christian, cited supra.
  54. ↑ "Colored" plus 2 "Indians."
  55. ↑ Walker, Francis A. and Seaton, Chas. (Superintendents of the Census). Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Tenth Census (June 1, 1880). Washington, Government Printing Office, 1883. Web (census.gov). 31 Jan. 2021.
  56. ↑ "Colored" plus 2 "Indians."
  57. ↑ Porter, Robert P. and Wright, Carroll D. (Superintendents of the Census). Report on Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890. Part I. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1895. Web. (census. gov). 31 Jan. 2021.
  58. ↑ "Negro" plus 1 "Indian."
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Hunt, William C. (Chief Statistician for Population). Census Reports Volume I: Twelfth Census of the United States, Taken In The Year 1900, William R. Merriam, Director: Population Part I Washington, Government Printing Office, 1901. Web. (census. gov). 31 Jan. 2021.
  60. ↑ "Negro"
  61. ↑ Bennett, Mike. "Before the Great Migration." The Daily Herald. 4 Feb. 2014. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  62. ↑ Kyriakoudes, Louis M. “Southern Black Rural-Urban Migration in the Era of the Great Migration: Nashville and Middle Tennessee, 1890-1930.” Agricultural History, vol. 72, no. 2, 1998, pp. 341–351. JSTOR. Accessed 1 Feb. 2021.
  63. ↑ Robbins, cited supra at 13, notes that an "exodus of negroes to Alabama and other States for industrial purposes" had occurred in 1880-1890.
  64. ↑ Hunt, William C. (Statistician for Population, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "Thirteenth Census of the United States, Taken in the Year 1910. Volume III. Population. Nebraska-Wyoming." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1913. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  65. ↑ "Negro."
  66. ↑ Note that in the early 20th century, "Urban" was equivalent to the population of Columbia as it was the only town with a population larger than 2,500 until 1940.
  67. ↑ Hunt, William C. (Chief Statistician for Population, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "Fourteenth Census of the United States, Taken in the Year 1920. Volume III. Population 1920." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1922. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  68. ↑ Of whom 80 were foreign-born.
  69. ↑ "Negro."
  70. ↑ Truesdell, Leon E. (Chief Statistician for Population, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "Fifteenth Census of the United States: 1930. Population. Volume III, Part 2, Montana-Wyoming." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1932. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  71. ↑ 59 foreign born.
  72. ↑ "Negro."
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 73.2 Truesdell, Leon E. (Chief Statistician for Population, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "Sixteenth Census of the United States: 1940. Population. Volume II Characteristics of the Population, Part 6, Pennsylvania-Texas." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1943. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  74. ↑ 57 foreign born.
  75. ↑ "Negro."
  76. ↑ 10,579 in Columbia; 3,089 in Mount Pleasant. Columbia made up 26.2% of the county population.
  77. ↑ 18,014 rural-farm population; 8,675 rural-nonfarm.
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.3 Brunsman, Howard G. (Chief Population and Housing Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "A Report of the Seventeenth Decennial Census of the United States. Census of Population: 1950. Volume II Characteristics of the Population, Part 42, Tennessee." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1952. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  79. ↑ "Negro."
  80. ↑ 10,911 in Columbia; 2,931 in Mount Pleasant. Columbia made up 27.0% of the county population.
  81. ↑ 13,215 rural-farm population; 13,311 rural-nonfarm.
  82. ↑ 82.0 82.1 Brunsman, Howard G. (Chief, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "The Eighteenth Decennial Census of the United States. Census of Population: 1960. Volume I Characteristics of Population, Part 44, Tennessee." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1963. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  83. ↑ "Negro" plus 10 "Indian" and 1 "Other Race."
  84. ↑ 17,624 in Columbia; 2,921 in Mount Pleasant. Columbia made up 42.3% of the county population.
  85. ↑ Zittar, Meyer (Chief, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census). "1970 Census of Population. Volume I Characteristics of the Population, Part 44, Tennessee." Washington, Government Printing Office, 1973. Web (census.gov). 1 Feb. 2021.
  86. ↑ "Negro" plus 20 "Indian," 3 Japanese, 4 Filipino and 7 "Other Race."
  87. ↑ 21,471 in Columbia; 3,530 in Mount Pleasant. Columbia made up 49.5% of the county population.
  88. ↑ United States Department of Agriculture. Soil Survey: Maury County. Series 1952, No. 7 (October 1958). p. 4. Web (usda.gov. 8 Feb. 2021.
  89. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "Yesteryear's Hints of Political Upheaval and Civic In-fighting." River of Fire. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2005, pp. 117-19.
  90. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "The Glow on the Horizon: Monsanto, Then and Now." River of Fire. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2005, pp. 122-23.
  91. ↑ Keys, cited supra.
  92. ↑ Includes unemployed workers.
  93. ↑ Includes 11,085 employed males, 605 unemployed males, and 125 on New Deal emergency work assignments, and 3,381 employed females, 176 unemployed females and 28 females on New Deal emergency work assignments.
  94. ↑ Includes chemicals (1,351 employees), textiles (393), etc.
  95. ↑ Excludes "food and dairy product stores" (i.e. grocers, 456 employees) and "eating and drinking places" (i.e. restaurants, 380 employees).
  96. ↑ Includes 11,095 employed males, 273 unemployed males, 3,370 employed females and and 124 unemployed females.
  97. ↑ Includes chemicals (1,532 employees), electrical machinery (905), and apparel (520), etc.
  98. ↑ Excludes "food and dairy product stores" (i.e. grocers, 442 employees) and "eating and drinking places" (i.e. restaurants, 347 employees).
  99. ↑ Includes 10,672 employed males, 387 unemployed, 4,269 employed females, and 302 unemployed females.
  100. ↑ Approximately one person - usually but not always African-American men - was lynched each week on average in the Southern United States between 1882 and 1930. Bennett, Kathy. "Lynching." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018, Web. Accessed 1 Feb. 2021.
  101. ↑ Ikard, Robert W. No More Social Lynchings. Franklin, Hillsboro Press, 1997, pp. 8-9. Web (hathitrust.org). 1 Feb. 2021.
  102. ↑ Van West, Carroll. "Columbia Race Riot, 1946." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018. Web. 2 Feb. 2021.
  103. ↑ Ikard, cited supra at pp. 13-15.
  104. ↑ O'Brien, cited supra, at pp. 9-11.
  105. ↑ O'Brien at pp. 15-17.
  106. ↑ Ikard at pp. 20-23.
  107. ↑ Van West, cited supra.
  108. ↑ Ikard at pp. 27-28.
  109. ↑ O'Brien at pp. 17-18.
  110. ↑ Ikard at pp. 35-37.
  111. ↑ O'Brien at p. 21-27
  112. ↑ Ikard at 45-47.
  113. ↑ Ikard at 47-48.
  114. ↑ O'Brien at 31-32
  115. ↑ Ikard at p. 113.
  116. ↑ Abdallah, Jaryn. More to the story: Historical narratives and the African American past in Maury County, Tennessee. 2015. Middle Tenn. State Univ. Master's Thesis. Web (proquest.com). 8 Feb. 2021.
  117. ↑ Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT). 2021 Official Transportation Map. Nashville, TDOT, 2021. Web. 22 Jan. 2021.
  118. ↑ See for example Map of Maury Co., Tennessee : from new and actual surveys / compiled & published by D.G. Beers & Co. ; eng. by Worley & Bracher ; printed by F. Bourquin. (1878).
  119. ↑ Dobbins, cited supra, at 144
  120. ↑ Dobbins, cited supra, at 137
  121. ↑ There is a housing development in the Neapolis area called Carter's Creek Station, but it does not seem to be a general name for the whole area at this time. The USGS also refers to the 7.5-minute x 7.5-minute area as "Carter's Creek," a name it started using in the early 20th century.
  122. ↑ The name "Dark's Mill" is still used for a 7.5-minute x 7.5 minute USGS topographical map section; this seems to be a legacy name as the USGS has used it since the early 20th century for this area.
  123. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "An Old Maury County Geography Test." Maury County: River of Fire. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2003, pp. 103-104.
  124. ↑ The name "Godwin" is still used for a 7.5-minute x 7.5 minute USGS topographical map section; this seems to be a legacy name as the USGS has used it since the early 20th century for this area.
  125. ↑ Dobbins, cited supra, at 124
  126. ↑ Duncan, cited supra, at p. 104.
  127. ↑ Duncan, cited supra, at p. 104.
  128. ↑ Duncan, cited supra, at p. 104.
  129. ↑ Wikipedia contributors. "Scotts Mill, Tennessee." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 20 Feb. 2020. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  130. ↑ Duncan, cited supra, at p. 104.
  131. ↑ United States Census Bureau. "2020 Gazetteer Files." Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  132. ↑ United States Geological Survey. "Ecoregions of Tennessee." Map. Undated. Web. 5 Feb. 2021. cited by Wikipedia contributors. "Nashville Basin." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 14 Jan. 2021. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  133. ↑ Davis, Marcy B. Roadside Geology of Tennessee. Missoula (Mont.), Mountain Press Publishing Co., 2019. p. 221.
  134. ↑ Davis, cited supra, at pp. 271, 276.
  135. ↑ "Summits in Maury County, Tennessee." Mountainzone.com. 2021. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  136. ↑ United States Geological Survey. "Science In Your Watershed: Tennessee Region." 16 July 2020. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  137. ↑ Tennessee Department of Environment & Conservation. "Lower Duck River Watershed." Undated. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  138. ↑ United States Geological Survey. "Science In Your Watershed: Tennessee Region." 16 July 2020. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  139. ↑ https://www.tn.gov/environment/program-areas/wr-water-resources/watershed-stewardship/watersheds-by-basin/middle-tennessee-river-basin-conasuaga-river-watershed0/lower-elk-river-watershed.html Tennessee Department of Environment & Conservation. "Lower Elk River Watershed." Undated. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  140. ↑ United States Geological Survey. "Tennessee River (TENN) Basin Study." 24 August 2001. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  141. ↑ See the map at Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency. "Boating and Fishing Site Access Map." Undated. Web (tn.gov). 12 Feb. 2021. This map shows the Duck entering Maury County near mile 173 and exiting near mile 98. Miles 98-103 are shared between Maury and Hickman counties.
  142. ↑ Knight, R.R., and Kingsbury, J.A. (USGS scientists) Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5105: Water Resources of the Duck River Watershed, Tennessee. Reston (Va.), USGS, 2007. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  143. ↑ Tennessee Duck River Development Agency. Duck River Comprehensive Regional Water Supply Plan. 25 March 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  144. ↑ Robbins, cited supra, at p. 14.
  145. ↑ Duncan, Bob. "Harnessing Duck River to Generate Electricity." Maury County Second Century Review. Columbia, Maury County Archives, 2007, pp. 103-105.
  146. ↑ Tennessee Valley Authority. "Non-Power Normandy." Undated. Web. 8. Feb. 2021.
  147. ↑ United Press Int'l. "Columbia Dam study critical of TVA project." Kingsport Times-News. 14 Jan. 1986. p. 3A. Web (newspapers.com). 8 Feb. 2021.
  148. ↑ Alligood, Leon. "TVA strips Columbia Dam for scrap." The Tennessean. 25 June 1998. p. 1-A. Web (newspapers.com). 8 Feb. 2021.
  149. ↑ McClure, Sue. "Columbia Dam acres given to state for use by public." The Tennessean. 15 August 2001. p. 4-B. Web (newspapers.com). 8 Feb. 2021.
  150. ↑ Bennett, Mike. "Monsanto property: Diamond in the rough?" The Daily Herald. 26 Sept. 2013. Web. 7 Feb. 2021. Bennett's op-ed notes that the Monsanto property contains many tailings ponds from its twentieth-century mining operations, some of which have been turned into fishing or duck-hunting ponds.
  151. ↑ Davis, cited supra, at pp. 221-228, 271-276.
  152. ↑ Davis, cited supra, at pp. 20-45, 221-228, 271-276.
  153. ↑ Davis, cited supra, at 20, 271-276.
  154. ↑ Davis, cited supra, at 225-227, 273-274.
  155. ↑ Douglas, Joseph C. "Miners and Moonshiners: Historic Industrial Uses of Tennessee Caves." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology. vol. 26 no. 2 (Fall 2001). pp. 251-267. Web (jstor.com). 10 Feb. 2021 (mentions use of Rockdale Cave in Maury County for hiding moonshine liquor during Prohibition).
  156. ↑ "U.S. and Canadian Fossil Sites -- Data for TENNESSEE." FossilSpot.com. October 2008. Web. 10 Feb. 2021.
  157. ↑ "APSU To Display Ancient Fossil Bones." The Tennessean. 30 Sept. 1977. p. 26. Web (newspapers.com). 10 Feb. 2021 (mentions Pleistocene fossils found at Dark's Mill phosphate mine and in caves near McCain's).
  158. ↑ Davis, cited supra at 261-62 (noting mollusk fossils found in Nashville Group and Stones River Group beds).
  159. ↑ USDA Soil Survey cited supra, at pp. 65-69.
  160. ↑ Davis, cited supra at 274.
  161. ↑ Wilson, Edward O. and Littschwager, David. "Within One Foot: Miniature Surveys of Biodiversity." National Geographic. vol. 217 no. 2 (February 2010). pp. 62, 80-83. Web (natgeo.com). 12 Feb. 2012. cited by The Nature Conservancy. "Places We Protect: The Duck River, Tennessee." Undated. Web (nature.org). 12 Feb. 2021.
  162. ↑ Grammich, et. al. U.S. Religion Census: Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2010 (County File). Association of Religious Data Archives, 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2021.
  163. ↑ "County Membership Report: Maury County." Association of Religious Data Archives. Undated. Web. 6 Feb. 2021.
  164. ↑ "State Membership Report: Tennessee." Association of Religious Data Archives. Undated. Web. 6 Feb. 2021.
  165. ↑ Grammitch, et. al., cited supra.'
  166. ↑ Ibid.
  167. ↑ Id.
  168. ↑ "County Membership Report" cited supra.
  169. ↑ Pew Research Center. "Religious Landscape Study: Adults in Tennessee." Undated (the poll was taken in May 2014). Web. 6 Feb. 2021.
  170. ↑ "District Maps." Tennessee General Assembly. Undated. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  171. ↑ Ballotpedia Contributors. "Twenty-Second Judicial District, Tennessee." Ballotpedia. Ballotpedia, Undated, Web. 1 February 2021.
  172. ↑ Ballotpedia Contributors. "United States congressional delegations from Tennessee." Ballotpedia. Ballotpedia, Undated, Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  173. ↑ "Columbia | Middle District of Tennessee." United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. Undated. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  174. ↑ "Middle District of Tennessee." United States Bankruptcy Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. Undated. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  175. ↑ Ballotpedia Contributors. "Maury County, Tennessee (Judicial)." Ballotpedia. Ballotepdia, Undated, Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  176. ↑ Your Hometown Community Directory 2019-2020. Columbia, Willow Advertising and Publishing, 2019, p. iii.
  177. ↑ "Social Security Office Locator." Social Security Administration. Undated. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  178. ↑ "USDA Service Center Locator." United States Department of Agriculture. Undated. Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  179. ↑ Your Hometown Community Directory 2019-2020. Columbia, Willow Advertising and Publishing, 2019.
  180. ↑ "Home." Columbia Soccer Association (TN), 2021, Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  181. ↑ "Columbia American Little League." Columbia American Little League, 2021, Web. 1 Feb. 2021.
  182. ↑ Your Hometown Community Directory 2019-2020. Columbia, Willow Advertising and Publishing, 2019, p. 1.
  183. ↑ Your Hometown Community Directory 2019-2020. Columbia, Willow Advertising and Publishing, 2019, p. 1.

External links

See Also

Neighboring Counties
Hickman County, Tennessee Williamson County, Tennessee Williamson County, Tennessee
Lewis County, Tennessee Maury County Marshall County, Tennessee
Lawrence County, Tennessee Giles County, Tennessee Marshall County, Tennessee
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